浓香型白酒窖泥放线菌的原位分离及代谢特性研究

以川南某浓香型白酒生产企业50年窖龄且发酵正常的窖泥为研究对象。通过高通量测序技术分析细菌群落结构以及放线菌群落结构,利用原位分离法从中分离得到2株放线菌,结合形态鉴定、生理生化和16S rRNA基因序列比对分析确定菌种属,并对其进行耐酸、耐乙醇特性研究,基于风味导向思路,分别对2株菌进行液态培养和固态培养,采用顶空固相微萃取法和气相色谱质谱联用对发酵挥发性产物进行分析,为放线菌的相关研究和应用提供理论参考。结果显示,放线菌在该窖泥样品含有较高操作分类单元(operational taxonomic unit,OTU),相对丰度达(10.7±3.4)%,且主要分布于链霉菌亚目(Streptomycineae)和科里氏杆菌亚目(Coriobacterineae)。采用原位分离法分离放线菌,将分离得到的2株菌编号为A1、A2,菌株A1鉴定为桑氏链霉菌(Streptomyces sampsonii),菌株A2鉴定为鲁地链霉菌(Streptomyces rutgersensis)。菌株A1、A2均可在pH>4.3或乙醇体积分数<6%的环境中生长。菌株A1在液态和固态发酵条件下都会产生大量土臭素以及萜烯类物质,菌株A2在液态条件下能产生多种酯类,其中己酸乙酯相对含量(5.384%)较高,而固态条件下能够检测出大量的3-羟基-2丁酮、2,3-丁二醇和吡嗪类物质。     

Interactions and complex stabilities of grape seed procyanidins with zein hydrolysate

The objective of this paper was to investigate the complex of grape seed procyanidins (GSP) with zein hydrolysate (ZH). The interaction was determined using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and fluorescence spectroscopy. The particle size, ζ-potential, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and stability test of the ZH-GSP complex were measured. The results of ITC, particle size and SEM suggested that there was a hydrogen bond-dominated interaction between GSP and ZH, and the ZH-GSP complex presented as a spherical shape with particle size of 234 nm, polydispersity index of 0.11 and ζ-potential of −46.4 mV. The results of the fluorescence spectroscopy showed that the fluorescence quenching effect of GSP on ZH was GSP concentration-dependent and the quenching process was mainly static quenching. The ZH-GSP complex had better physical stability in aqueous solution, and their solution was more stable than GSP solution under illumination and high-temperature treatment at 75°C.     

湿热地区城市乔木冠层能量平衡观测及显热计算模型优化

植被冠层能量分配是认识和把握植被对城市气候调节作用的关键,显热是植被冠层能量的重要组成部分,直接作用于近地气温与人体舒适性.根据能量平衡原理(净辐射=显热+潜热+蓄热),通过植被、液流和微气候等参数在秋冬少雨季的连续、系统性观测,考察湿热地区典型城市乔木(杧果树,树高9.38 m,胸径0.621 m,冠幅8.60 m)的冠层能量分配及显热计算模型.乔木冠层各能量项均随太阳辐射而变:净辐射、显热、蓄热呈“单峰单谷型”日变化,潜热呈“单峰型”日变化,蓄热峰谷出现最早(8:30,16:30),说明植被随外界条件变化快速调整叶片及冠层温度,潜热较大值出现早(11:00)且持续时间长(5 h),说明植被持续有效地通过叶孔蒸腾散热.植被冠层日间获得的太阳辐射能量主要向周边空气散失,引起空气温升和加湿,二者作用的强弱随时间和天气条件而变,上午和晴天、多云天温升作用明显,而下午和阴天加湿作用显著.叶孔蒸腾消耗乔木冠层40％(晴天)～60％(多云天)的日总能量,并在阴天持续发挥作用使得植被净吸收周边空气的热量.冠层显热由叶片与空气温差和冠层空气动力学阻抗决定,以0.11 m/s为界区分自由和受迫对流,预测结果能较好表现乔木冠层的显热变化特征(RMSE=74.54 W/m2,R2=0.86,d=0.96).研究结果为认识和把握典型植被的城市气候调节效应提供基础数据和参考,为提升风景园林设计的环境效益和生态水平奠定科学基础.     

混凝土剪力墙结构装配式IRF体系施工方法概述

为发挥装配式IRF体系自身优势,施工现场需研发与体系相适应的施工技术.这对施工总承包单位在施工场地平面布置、预制构件安装、施工组织等方面提出了需求.装配式IRF体系依托天津葛沽镇定向安置房2018-03项目,研发出与施工技术相适应的工装系统,总结完善了高层建筑装配式IRF体系施工流程,进一步验证了体系的可行性.     

基于柠檬酸-铕纳米配位聚合物构建荧光探针快速检测汤煲中5’-肌苷酸含量

基于柠檬酸-铕金属有机纳米配体聚合物（citrate/europium lanthanide coordination polymer nanoparticles，Cit/Eu LCP NPs）构建快速检测肉品汤煲中5’-肌苷酸（inosine-5’-monophosphate，5’-IMP）的荧光探针。研究结果表明，5’-IMP对Cit/Eu?LCP?NPs有良好的荧光猝灭作用。在最佳条件下，该荧光探针在5’-IMP?2.5～200?μg/mL的质量浓度范围内呈现出良好的线性关系，检出限为0.17?μg/mL，且具备良好的抗干扰、稳定性和重复性。为了验证方法可行性，将该方法应用于实际鸡汤样品中的5’-IMP检测，测得加标回收率为97.85%～103.95%，可为快速检测肉品汤煲中5’-IMP提供新的思路和方法。     

Study on optimal control strategy for regulated two-stage turbocharged diesel engine during transient process

Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology - Controlling the turbo bypass valve is valid to enhance transient characteristic of turbocharging system. Appropriate fuel delivery is beneficial to...     

接触器触头系统振动机理分析及算法优化

为了解决合闸过程中动、静触头接触引起的振动弹跳问题.本文建立了接触系统的二自由度运动微分方程,并利用遗传算法对交流接触器吸合过程进行优化,同时通过高速摄影实验对接触弹跳的全过程进行了观察和分析.结果表明:理论与实验结果高度一致,铁心在触头分离前发生碰撞,进一步加剧触头弹跳;铁芯弹跳再次碰撞时,触头的弹跳不受影响;在接触器运行过程中,动铁芯的运动会引起系统轻微振动;采用遗传算法优化的接触器触头弹跳时间和最大振幅均减小.研究结果为进一步控制和减小接触弹跳提供了理论依据.     

苏黎世联邦理工学院模式:建构以设计为中心的师资结构

通过阐述设计与研究的关系、机构与教学组织、师资任用与评价、师资引进4个方面介绍了苏黎世联邦理工学院模式的建筑教育和师资建设.建筑学教学的核心目标是学生设计能力的培养,而知识和研究是其必要保障,应该在认识设计与研究明确差异的基础上,构建适合的组织机构、教学计划、师资引进和评价体系.只有人尽其才、各尽所能才能促进教师和院系的长远发展.     

A new perspective of co-doping and Nd segregation effect on proton stability and transportation in Y and Nd co-doped BaCeO3

Bulk and surface properties of proton stability and transportation in Y and Nd co-doped BaCeO₃ (BCYN), especially the effect of Nd segregation, were investigated by first-principles calculations. Since the structure of doped BaCeO₃ at the operating temperature of proton-conducting has been unclear for a long time, we have summarized the latest experimental results and calculated the structure of the asymmetric BCYN for the first time. The results show that compared with Y, Nd doping promotes oxygen vacancy formation, however reduces proton stability. Our calculation can also provide a possible explanation for the formation of space charge layer at the grain boundary of doped BaCeO₃ in experiment. Unlike the stable Y in BCYN, Nd is calculated to be easily segregated, which can facilitate both proton hydration and proton transportation near the surface. Moreover, Nd segregation at the grain boundary is predicted to be beneficial for proton transportation between grains.